Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adulthood :: Free Essays Online

Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adulthood Child abuse is a serious issue in today's society. Many people have been victims of child abuse. There are three forms of child abuse: physical, emotional, and sexual. Many researchers believe that sexual abuse is the most detremental of the three. A middle-aged adult who is feeling depressed will probably not relate it back to his childhood, but maybe he should. The short-term effects of childhood sexual abuse have been proven valid, but now the question is, do the long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse affect middle-aged adults? Many contradicting views arise from the subject of childhood sexual abuse. Researchers and psychologists argue on this issue. Childhood sexual abuse has the potential to damage a child physically, emotionally, and behaviorally for the rest of his or her childhood, and the effects have been connected to lasting into middle-aged adulthood. Research has been conducted on what type of children are the most at risk of being sexually abused. Childhood abuse has a greater chance of happening to children of certain backgrounds. One researcher states that "Child sexual abuse occurs more frequently in children from socially deprived and disorganized family backgrounds. Marital dysfunction, as evidenced by parental separation and domestic violence, is associated with higher risks of child sexual abuse" (Mullen 4). Mullen goes on to state that "The possibility has been raised that characteristics such as physical attractiveness, temperament, or physical maturity might increase the risks of children being sexually abused" (4). Many researchers link behavioral problems in adulthood to childhood abuse. One researcher says that "An adult who was sexually abused as a child has a greater chance of becoming violent, suicidal, and abusive to their children than an adult who was not abused sexually as a child" (Kliest 155). These characteristics could hinder a victim from living a normal lifestyle and having a family. Kliest also states, "Adults who were abused sexually as children will have a greater chance than those who were not of experiencing sexual dysfunction, such as flashbacks, difficulty in arousal, and phobic reactions to sexual intimacy" (156). Many researchers agree that childhood sexual abuse has a negative effect on an adult's personal relationships. Another researcher states, "A history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) appears to have an adverse impact on the quality of adult intimate relationships, and they report avoiding the development of close adult relationships because of their fear of reject ion" (Whiffen 1103). Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adulthood :: Free Essays Online Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adulthood Child abuse is a serious issue in today's society. Many people have been victims of child abuse. There are three forms of child abuse: physical, emotional, and sexual. Many researchers believe that sexual abuse is the most detremental of the three. A middle-aged adult who is feeling depressed will probably not relate it back to his childhood, but maybe he should. The short-term effects of childhood sexual abuse have been proven valid, but now the question is, do the long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse affect middle-aged adults? Many contradicting views arise from the subject of childhood sexual abuse. Researchers and psychologists argue on this issue. Childhood sexual abuse has the potential to damage a child physically, emotionally, and behaviorally for the rest of his or her childhood, and the effects have been connected to lasting into middle-aged adulthood. Research has been conducted on what type of children are the most at risk of being sexually abused. Childhood abuse has a greater chance of happening to children of certain backgrounds. One researcher states that "Child sexual abuse occurs more frequently in children from socially deprived and disorganized family backgrounds. Marital dysfunction, as evidenced by parental separation and domestic violence, is associated with higher risks of child sexual abuse" (Mullen 4). Mullen goes on to state that "The possibility has been raised that characteristics such as physical attractiveness, temperament, or physical maturity might increase the risks of children being sexually abused" (4). Many researchers link behavioral problems in adulthood to childhood abuse. One researcher says that "An adult who was sexually abused as a child has a greater chance of becoming violent, suicidal, and abusive to their children than an adult who was not abused sexually as a child" (Kliest 155). These characteristics could hinder a victim from living a normal lifestyle and having a family. Kliest also states, "Adults who were abused sexually as children will have a greater chance than those who were not of experiencing sexual dysfunction, such as flashbacks, difficulty in arousal, and phobic reactions to sexual intimacy" (156). Many researchers agree that childhood sexual abuse has a negative effect on an adult's personal relationships. Another researcher states, "A history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) appears to have an adverse impact on the quality of adult intimate relationships, and they report avoiding the development of close adult relationships because of their fear of reject ion" (Whiffen 1103).

School Uniforms in the U. S.

There are many schools in the U. S. that require their students to wear uniforms, and there're also some that don't. I believe that school uniforms should not be required for a few reasons. Uniforms take away from a person's individual identity, and they can be costly to people depending on their financial status. School uniforms can also be a very uncomfortable fashion that students would not take a liking to. The first reason uniforms should not be required is that most schools across the country believe uniforms take away from an individuals identity, so they don't require their students wear them.In today's world your identity and having a good sense of self is important to the diversity that Americans have show in the past. In schools that require uniforms the student body all look the like same person, very bland and boring people. This is not what American society is, we are casual dressing diverse people, and dressing casual and the way you like is the best way to recognize s tudents as individual people and not as part of â€Å"those people. † Another reason for opposing uniforms is everyone especially kids like to be comfortable when having to sit still for an elongated period of time.When kids are uncomfortable in school they tend fidget and not pay attention instead they are worrying about fixing their clothes, which should not be their top priority. When guys wear the uniforms they will always have to be worried about whether their tie is straight or if their shirt is properly tucked in. Girls wearing uniforms might have to worry about their skirts if they are proper length and if they are twisted or not, and being a girl I know how easily female clothes can become askew from their proper place.All these minor irritations kids would have to go through limit their comfort and cause their minds to lack focus on schoolwork and concentrate more on fixing their clothes. Also some days kids may wake up and not feel to well and just might want to we ar the comfortable t-shirt and sweat pants. Wearing uniform when feeling under the weather might just agitate their wellness a little more. The last and most important reason for not requiring uniforms are they money. These uniforms might costly roughly between forty and fifty dollars per set, and on top of that parents would have to buy four or five to last the school eek, with a final purchase cost of two hundred and fifty dollars. Some parents can not afford these high prices depending on their financial situation, and forcing parents to buys these is just another way to put a damper on their already harsh feelings on their income. Also you cannot penalize a child for what their parents can and can't afford. After a while kids do grow and would grow out of their new expensive attire and even more money will have to be spent to buy more sets of uniforms.We all live in a country were we are free to make choices, like what we want to wear everyday. Taking away our right to choose is like a natural right, a right that you are born with, and as we all know Americans thrive on their rights set up by the constitution more than two hundred years ago. Bottom line school uniforms should not be required for students to wear, they take away from our individual identity, they can become quite uncomfortable to wear, and most important they can be very costly and a not needed financial burden. http://www. bookrags. com/essay-2004/12/20/11426/585/

Technology And Social Media Has Changed Our Lives

What does technology mean to you? I believe that technology is a tool that should be integrated into our society to cultivate the future and resemble the past; it has become such an integral part of our community today that living without it creates a feeling of loneliness. â€Å"Technology and Social Media has brought power back to people† (Mark McKinnon). Nowadays, technology has exceeded expectations of people, such as a robot can mow a lawn, clean house, take you to parts of the world without even visiting, is mesmerizing. I am one of the many students who did not get an early exposure to technology, and I repent that every day, as they say, that a child can learn, however many things he wants until seven years of age because his mind is an†¦show more content†¦Teachers need to understand that making kids memorize material will not develop the skills necessary for them in the future workforce. A computer science faculty and a graduate student at the University of Georgia, Karen Aguar, has created a website called SAIL, which integrates the different subjects across the UGA campus. The website is designed to track your progress, watch pre-made videos on the topics, do exercises on based on your interest. Partaking in this new research, I have realized that the future of technology-driven education is improving and it is created to adapt to student’s interest. As Marc Prensky stated, â€Å"Technology would be introduced from the start as a â€Å"thinking extender† through tools like simulation that show students the consequences of their actions in a variety of contexts and circumstances.† In addition, the use of technology has made a great impact on students not only in America but worldwide. The results that Khan Academy has produced by collaborating with the College Board for SAT studying and videos is astonishing. The College Board president states, if a student watches videos through Khan Academy for 20 hours, then, h e can score 115 average points higher than the student studying through the books. With developing technology apps are creating a platform to change the outlook of education with new and creative projects to help the students,Show MoreRelatedHow Technology and Social Media Has Changed Our Lives832 Words   |  3 PagesThe use of technology has changed peoples lives by connecting with other people around the world by using social media websites, applying for a job on the internet, buying products from retail websites, and etc. Technology has also changed the way we are and how we behave. But the most important is that the use of technology change the way we live now. The use of todays technology is taking advantage over peoples lives. The following ways have affected people by using technology: privacy informationRead MoreReasons For Banning Social Promotion863 Words   |  4 PagesSocial promotion is one of the largest issues when it comes to the education system. It allows children who are not academically ready to move up to the next grade move up anyway just because parents and teachers feel the student will be stigmatized for being one year older then the rest in the grade if they do not. Now many states are beginning preventing schools from allowing social promotion which has its pros and cons. There are many pros to banning social promotion. The first one beingRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Our Modern World1262 Words   |  6 PagesOne small step for technology, one large step for mankind Take a moment and look around you. What do you see? Most likely you are surrounded by technology. This new phenomenon is a vital part in the modern world. The domination of technology has engulfed our culture, it has become a large portion of our everyday life and the way that we function. Three authors; Christine Rosen, Lakshmi Chaudhry, and Jim Taylor, have illustrated the foundations of technology on our modern world. They have all takenRead MoreThe Development of Technology Negatively Affect Relationship between People700 Words   |  3 Pages The Development of Technology Negatively Affect Relationship between People â€Æ' The Development of Technology Negatively Affect Relationship between People The development of technology grows rapidly, there are various high tech products that are coming out constantly. Technology plays an essential and indispensable role in our daily lives, and it is the way of interaction with others also. Technology seems to be really convenient to our lives. We can get tons of information from it, we canRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society938 Words   |  4 PagesWhen you look at today’s society, you will see a world full of a quickly booming wonder: technology. With technology there is the option to be involved in what a lot of people know as social media. With the invention of web-sites such as Facebook, which is only about ten years old (Westwood), people all over the globe can connect with one another. This technology is exploding into more and more possibilities for the avid networking junkie. You can now send instant messages to all of your friendsRead MoreTechnology Is Making Our Lives Easier928 Words   |  4 PagesThere is no doubt that technology is making our lives easier. We live in a society where technology is used on a daily basis. If you don’t use technology you’re making life hard for yourself. There are many advantages and as many d isadvantages in using technology. Technology has completely changed the mankind. We have information on our fingertips at all times. It’s fast, convenient and very useful in today’s society. People nowadays look for answers using technology instead of doing research themselvesRead MoreSocial Media: Changing Our Society Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Media: Changing Our Society Electricity was first introduced to society hundreds of years ago; the way people communicate began to change in many different ways since then. New inventions helped people build more sophisticate tools to build better places to live and work. This new inventions changed the way we live now days; they make our lives much easier. In the decade of the 1920s when radio was first introduced to public, people begin buying it and using it more and more, as years passedRead MoreThe Importance Of Technology1314 Words   |  6 Pages Technology has changed the world in the most drastic way. Technology has infiltrated every part of our lives and we are in constant want and need for it. I have always loved the new innovative technology that have come out and I desire to have the newest and the best gadgets. Technology has made life so easy and so instantaneous that I cannot imagine my life without. The short 12 hours of life without technology was a hard one to swallow. There were so many op tions and they were all hard but theRead MoreThe Documented Life By Sherry Turkle1078 Words   |  5 Pagesshe talks about how modern technology has caused us to put our lives on hold. Turkle states that people do not feel like themselves if they are not sharing their thoughts and views. The article states that technology has changed us by putting our interpersonal communications on pause. Turkle says we no longer see interruptions as a kind of disruption anymore. She adds that the most frequently heard phrase is, â€Å"wait, what?† as people fall back into missed conversions has become the new norm. TurkleRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society1290 Words   |  6 PagesThey become part of our everyday life. Social media is an invention that has changed the foundation of the way we communicate and in all probability, it will be around for the remainder of the homo sapiens lifespan. With life-changing inventions like social media, debates spark whether it is a good th ing for our society or not. Dave Eggers â€Å"The Circle† shows the way social media can be a positive change for society with the Circle’s countless inventions that integrate social media. â€Å"SeeChange† is one

The Weather Hazards Associated With Hurricanes

Every year, from June 1 to November 30, the threat of a hurricane strike looms in the minds of vacationers  and residents of  U.S.  coastlines. And its no wonder why. Because of its ability to travel across ocean  and land, a hurricane is almost impossible to outrun. In addition to having an evacuation plan in place, your best line of defense against hurricanes  is to know and recognize its  main hazards, of which there are four: high winds, storm surge, inland flooding, and tornadoes. High Winds As pressure drops inside of a hurricane, air from the surrounding atmosphere rushes into the storm, generating one of its trademark characteristics: winds. A hurricanes winds are among the first conditions to be felt during its approach. Tropical storm-force winds can extend as far as 300 miles (483 km) and hurricane-force winds can extend 25-150 miles (40-241 km) from the storm center. Sustained winds pack enough force to cause structural damage and carry loose debris. Remember that hidden within maximum sustained winds are isolated gusts that actually blow much faster than this. Storm Surge In addition to being a threat in and of itself, wind also contributes to another danger: storm surge. While a hurricane is out to sea, its winds blow across the ocean surface, gradually pushing water out ahead of it. A hurricane’s low pressure assists in this. By the time the storm nears the coast, water has â€Å"piled up† into a dome several hundred miles wide and 15 to 40 feet (4.5-12 m) high. This ocean swell then travels onshore, inundating the coast and eroding beaches. It is the primary cause of loss of life within a hurricane. If a hurricane approaches during high tide, an already risen sea level will lend additional height to a storm surge. The resulting event is referred to as a storm tide. Rip currents are another wind-induced marine hazard to watch for. As winds push water outward toward the shore, water is forced against and along the shoreline, creating a fast current. If there are channels or sandbars leading back out to sea, the current flows violently through these, whisking along anything in its path — including beachgoers and swimmers. Rip currents can be recognized by the following signs: A channel of churning, choppy waterAn area with a noticeable difference in color when compared to the surrounding oceanA line of foam or debris moving out to seaA break in the incoming wave pattern Inland Flooding While storm surge is the main cause of coastal inundation, excessive rains are responsible for the flooding of inland areas. A hurricanes rainbands can dump up to several inches of rain per hour, especially if a storm is moving slowly. This water overwhelms rivers and low-lying areas. When rainbands release water for several consecutive hours or days, this leads to flash and urban flooding.   Because tropical cyclones of all intensities (not just hurricanes) can produce excessive rains, freshwater flooding is considered the most wide-reaching of all tropical cyclone-related dangers. Tornadoes Embedded in a hurricanes rainbands are thunderstorms, some of which are strong enough to spawn tornadoes. Tornadoes produced by hurricanes are typically weaker (usually EF-0s and EF-1s) and shorter-lived than those occurring across the central and midwestern U.S. As a precaution, a tornado watch is usually issued when a tropical cyclone is forecast to make landfall. Beware the Right Front Quadrant A number of factors, including storm strength and track, influence damage levels caused by each of the above. But you may be surprised to learn that something as seemingly insignificant as which one of a hurricanes sides first makes landfall can also greatly increase (or lower) the risk of related hazards, especially storm surge and tornadoes. A direct hit from the right-front quadrant of a hurricane (left-front in the Southern Hemisphere) is considered the most severe. Thats because its here where the storms winds blow in the same direction as the atmospheric steering wind, causing a net gain in wind speed. For example, if a hurricane has sustained winds of 90 mph (category 1 strength) and is moving at 25 mph, its right front region would effectively have winds up to category 3 strength (90 25 mph 115 mph). Conversely, because winds on the left side oppose steering winds, a reduction in speed is felt there. Using the previous example, a 90 mph storm with 25 mph steering winds becomes a 65 mph effective wind. Since hurricanes continually spiral counter-clockwise (clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere) as they travel, it can be difficult to distinguish one side of the storm from another. Heres a tip: pretend youre standing directly behind the storm with your back in the direction its traveling. Its right side will be the same as your right. So if a storm is traveling due west, the right front quadrant would actually be its northern region.

Ict and Business Development - 1432 Words

ICT and Business Development In line with the main priorities set by the URBACT Information Society Network, this theme focuses on business development and the role of ICT as a means of tackling economic restructuring and promoting employment and in doing so fostering social cohesion and economic inclusion. The purpose of this brief document is to act as a guide for colleagues when preparing material or presentations on this topic and to provoke discussion on the issues raised in it. Business Development and its relationship to ICT? Business Development is the process of improvement that enables a business to become more efficient, profitable, and thereby creating or safeguarding jobs. Business development therefore does not†¦show more content†¦Increasingly networks are not just confined to the office but are being adopted so that they allow home/remote working that supports changing business needs. This transformation has really taken place over the last 20 years and continues to transform the way business is done. No business today can ignore the use of technology as its effective use helps businesses to remain competitive and profitable, thereby creating or safeguarding jobs. The role of the Public Sector? What is the case for Public Sector intervention if this is already happening? Talking specifically about SME’s, the final report (Feb. 2004) of the European Go Digital Awareness campaign 2001-2003 shows that to help SME’s to â€Å"Go Digital† is still a policy challenge as SME’s remain sceptical about ICT and e-business. This is mainly the result of: †¢ Their experience of procuring technology has often left an impression that the wrong decision was made as the expected benefits from using new technology have not materialised. This then affects businesses willingness to further invest in technology and therefore threatens their further competitiveness. †¢ The creation of new businesses especially in new industries requires that the right support and business environment are present. For example the presence of Science Park’s, Universities, and Research Centres etc. can help the spread of anShow MoreRelatedInformation And Communications Technology ( Ict ) For Market Access And Information Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pagescommunications technology (ICT) for market access and information. SMEs need to have access to and use of ICT to engage in the regional and global economic business networks. If SMEs cannot access to ICT, many of the SMEs are set to lose out on opportunities to integrate into the global supply chain, get potential businesses and increase their productivity or efficiency. While ICT can offer multiple benefits to SMEs, those in the Asia-Pacific region are slow to adopt ICT as they face major constraintsRead MoreIct For The Development Of Smes Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesICT for the development of SMEs in Myanmar Governments around the world have put in place policies to encourage the growth of local small and medium enterprises (SMEs) as they can help directly alleviate poverty by increasing income levels and creating jobs (ESCAP, 2012). At the same time, the global economy has become increasingly depended on the Information and communications technology (ICT) for market access and information. SMEs need to have access to and use of ICT to engage in the regionalRead MoreIct : Empowering African Women Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesICTs Empowering African Women to Participate in Business Information Communications Technologies (hereafter referred to as ICTs) have played an invaluable role in empowering women in Africa to enter into the business domain, specifically within the rural, informal business context. However, it is also true that there are many challenges facing African women with regards to the use of ICTs in business enterprises. ICTs are defined by Blurton (1999, pg. 1) as a â€Å"diverse set of technological tools andRead MoreOutlook 2015 For The Ict Sector1588 Words   |  7 Pages2015 for the ICT sector Definition Information and Communication Technology is defined as convergence of audio-visual and telephone networks with computer networks using a link system. There is a cost savings due to merge of telephone network with the computer network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management. Outlook 2015 Current Information and Communication technology includes big data, the cloud, mobile communication, and social media. These ICT developmentsRead MoreThe Best Suitable Corporate ICT Governance Model for the Gobà ¡r Saor Corporation Group1443 Words   |  6 PagesCorporate ICT Governance model (if any) for the Gobà ¡n Saor Construction Group (GSC). This report describes different ICT Governance characteristics and solutions from the concepts to the recommendation for the specific case of GSC described in the following sections: †¢ ICT Governance: describes what ICT Governance is, including its expected benefits, its possible problems and the main ICT Governance alternatives. †¢ Gobà ¡n Saor Construction: specifies the actual status of GSC in terms of ICT GovernanceRead MoreImpact of Ict on Banking and Finance1574 Words   |  7 PagesIMPACT OF ICT IN BANKING AND FINANCE As in a pendulum movement, the reflections about the impact of ICTs in the Economy have swung from enthusiasm to realism and back to optimism, being each of these states really subjective and implying a wide range of shades within. After a first period of cyberoptimism, people that â€Å"wanted to see† and people that thought â€Å"waiting to see† was a bad strategy because â€Å"it will then be too late†, followed a timespan where scientists — mainly economists — stuck to strictRead MoreAdvantages And Advantages Of Ict1055 Words   |  5 Pages Advantages of ICT in Business Introduction: ICT usability of resources increases in the early 1960s, but it was not until the 1980s that the first commercial products emerged and defined as target computers or generations of grid computers. They all are intend to use maximum disposable resources, to reduse this those computers are unused. And the final goal is to invent a computer which is much more efficient with strong performanceRead MoreEmployment in the Information, Communication and Technology Sector1200 Words   |  5 Pagesinternet. (IBM Research) As a consequence, it is not surprising that there is such high Information, Communications and Technology (ICT) skills demand. In May 2013, FIT Ireland (Fast Track to IT) conducted a skills audit in response to 4500 unfilled ICT job vacancies. FIT found that the predominant cause was an ICT skills shortage. Firstly, this report will describe the ICT sector and its range of occupations in the current climate. Next, this report will detail the qualifications and experience neededRead MoreA Report On The Tunisian Government1194 Words   |  5 Pagesintensive skills: ICTs. The Tunisian government has positioned these technologies in solid of its development plan. Information and communication technologies are considered as a tool enabling for economic diversification and for the creation of new activities in all sectors. Tunisia was among the first African countries which make ICTs a key element in its national strategy. Tunisia occupies the first rank in Africa and 38th out of a total of 134 countries in integrating ICTs in development. The firstRead MoreThe Ict And Its Impact On Education1386 Words   |  6 Pages1. Introduction The ICT subjects was introduced in secondary schools early 2000’s with poor methodologies. It was that time I was in secondary schools so I saw and even experienced how the mode of computer skills delivery was. The word ‘computer’ itself was a bit knew to most students thou I was very good in mathematics. Shortage of instructors and teaching tools was a big issue. Most young generation fails to express themselves in terms of their future vision because they are blind to the rapid

Civil V Criminal Law Free Essays

English law is made up primarily of Civil and Criminal Law. Civil Law is concerned with the the Laws of Tort and Contract. Civil law can be defined as that area of law which is concerned with private disputes that occur between individuals or between individuals and organisations and where a proceedings in court is initiated by the aforementioned. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil V Criminal Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now In contrast, criminal law seeks to punish those that has done wrongs against the community. For example, a person who decides to take the life of someone else commits murder. The community by way of its government has a duty to protect itself from being murdered. The result is Criminal Law which is enforceable by the State and initiated by the Police. Therefore criminal law is said to protect the community and punishes those that breaks the law with a fine, imprisonment or community sentences. Whereas, civil law seeks to compensate party who has suffered wrong. Civil law covers many areas of everyday daily life, most notable are domestic relations law like divorces and child custody law, probate like wills and estates, employment like agency and working hours laws, and personal injury law. Under pining those laws are Tort and Contract Law. A high level definition of tort law is that it deals with wrongs or injuries inflicted on one party by another and usually the parties involved are unknown to each other until something occurs which results in the tort action. Contracts on the other hand deals with the roles, relationships and obligations of parties that are engaged in a formal agreement. Under civil law an example of tort is acts of carelessness, or failure to act which result in injury or loss to another person. An example is a driver who fails to drive properly and as a result of that failure injures a pedestrian. This incident can give rise to negligence which is the failure to take reasonable care to avoid injury or loss to another person. However in order to prove a negligent claim, it must be proved that there existed a duty of care on the driver to not cause harm to others. The test of this duty of care is that the court will need to determine that a reasonable person would expect that a certain result might follow from an action. Therefore, by not driving properly the driver mounts the pavement and hits the pedestrian, if the result is foreseeable for a reasonable person, then liability may be imposed for the action. In comparison, contract law is an agreement between two persons where one binds himself, with respect to the other, to give something or to render some service. As such, a contract is said to be binding with obligations, and if not met, may lead to an action in civil court. For example a plumber hired to undertake the repair of a leaky facet has entered into a contract to repair the leaking facet in exchange for payment, if he fails to repair the facet within the terms of the agreement, there might not be any obligation to pay him as the terms of the contract has not met. To conclude, civil law covers several area of laws and is primarily concerned with private individuals or companies. The use of the term civil law as a blanket term to cover tort and contract is not confusing as the actions undertaken by the individuals will be indicative of the area of the law that is applicable. The principles are distinguishable, tort usually involves persons who have not entered into a contract or a formal relationship whereas contracts are legally binding agreements established by two or more persons. Where there might be a blurring of the distinctions is where there arises a case of tort while undertaking a contract. Such as an accident in the workplace where there exist a contract of employment. Bibliographies â€Å"Civil Law† Directgov http://www. direct. gov. uk/en/CrimeJusticeAndTheLaw/Thejudicialsystem/DG_4003097 â€Å"Criminal Law† Directgov http://www. direct. gov. uk/en/CrimeJusticeAndTheLaw/Thejudicialsystem/DG_4003097 â€Å"Tort† Stanford University http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/tort-theories/ How to cite Civil V Criminal Law, Papers

Case Study of Talisman Energy Inc. Free Sample for Students

Question: Discuss the Case Study of Talisman Energy Inc. Answer: Introduction This paper will present the Talisman decision in penetrating the Iraq oil and gas market, which will highlight the Talisman Energy restructuring portfolio diligence for the purpose of maximizing profits and reducing losses that are likely to occur in near future in daily operation of the business entity. The paper will start will a problem statement that explains the administrational, marketing and management leakages, present a critical analysis, SWOT analysis, threats, alternatives and recommendations. The paper will in turn encompass comprehensive review including surface and subsurface, and how Talisman Energy enables oil extraction in lira be a great success. The paper will further discuss how Talisman Energy takes the oil and gas commodities to the market and influences the consumer purchasing power, and provide a review for the proposed Talisman Energy marketing and organizational strategy. Focusing on Talisman in Sudan region, they were accused of using indirect strategies to give weapons to the government of Sudan through the help of NGOs which resulted in media gaining the attention and also interest from general press (Day 2014). Apparently, Talisman Energy firm had an upper hand on marketing influence and tapping the consumer affinity and, consequently, adopted step to threat human rights in Sudan region and the latter helping them to become a monopoly thereby becoming the largest independent oil and gas firm as a result of huge revenue collected. Talisman cannot therefore risk and face havoc like what happened in Sudan. Talisman should therefore investigate how independent Kurdistan is from the rest of Iraq. Problem Statement In 1953, Talisman energy became an independent institution and specialized in oil and gas extraction and production, marketing, transportation, marketing of crude oil, gas, and natural oil (Carsle 2000). According to Carsle, Talisman Energy firm focuses on mainly extraction, transportation and marketing of gas and oil in North America, United Kingdom, Scandinavia, and South East Asia. The company produces 430,000 bowed in 2008 approximately 50 percent oil and 50 percent gas. Talisman expressed interest in Eastern Africa especially Sudan in years approaching millennium (late nineties) the Sudanese government officials intimidated the natives from a landing strip that was meant to aid in oil related activity which in turn resulted in massive financial planning. Critique and Analysis According to Rodriguez and Troyes (2014), Talisman constructed a large 2.5 million net acres of land to help them diversify in their operation and reach a wider market space. To reach more of their consumers, company decided to set goals and objectives to help maximize on their operation and become a market force, their goals were clearly established basically starting with proposed objective and goals, making outline and strategies to accomplish to the set organizational goals in respect to the willingness and financial drive of the shareholders. Objectives help people and even institutions like Talisman Energy succeed and propel them to even greater heights of accomplishments through providing people with specific and adequate roles in the organization set up, giving consistent decisions and also to choose the best preference among large numbers of objectives through; encouraging proper dedication and fulfillment based on the results expected and to provide corrective action and ev en control. Ultimately, the strategic restructuring of the energy production portfolio aimed at creating a sustainable and very consistent growth from its unconventional gas business in North America, Asia, South Asia, and Norway (Franklin 2012). The Talismans administration team aimed launching a less time energy generation portfolio to ease the renewal of the hydrocarbon that increases the cost of energy at the same time focusing on the environmental conservation portfolio. According to the Talisman management, introduction of a cheaper, effective, and a low cost energy generation tactics that would increase the Resave life index over time (The Canadian Press 2012). Talisman is looking forward to aid the extension and expansion processes in South Asia where FD cost are considerably very low. SWOT analysis Talisman is an independent international upstream oil and gas company whose main business activities include: exploration development, the process of production transportation and selling of oil in crude form natural gas liquids and natural gas (Day 2014). The company has three core areas, North America, the North Sea and The South-EastSea. Talisman is conventional in leading gas explorer and has a significant unconventional natural gas potential, in the areas bordering the North Sea; the company majorly operates more than 40-50 outfalls and has very big exploitation acreage in areas in Norway. In theSouth-East region, Talisman has a substantial and long life natural gas that has never been explored and a highly expansive acreage monopoly and a very strong market force even further elevates company to leverage in the shares in the market In respect to the diversified and phenomenon graphical presence, it has ongoing production, development and exploration in region around North America, North Sea and, South Asia, Australia, North Africa and Trinidad and Tobago. Statistically, Talisman aggregate production of the year ending 31st 2008 was 452000 barrel of equivalent per day costing approximately 189 000 booed, and 11700 booed from North America, 33000 board from the Scandinavian segment. Day (2014), argues that the new oil and gas production hassignificantly increased in recent times, 200 Talisman (Vietnam 46/2) announced that first oil production from the song poc field in Bloc 46/2 and the offshore in Vietnam produce a productive energy resources in that the new oil and gas production would boot the Talisman power output, which ultimately will boost revenue collected. In fact, the acquisition and contract signing took place by acquiring all the shares from CNOOC meager oversees from subsidiaries for a consideration of 212.5 million US dollars. Threats The economic slowdown in the US and the entire regions around Europe is a major threat, which causes saturation as a result of resources due to over exploitation (Carsle 2000).Environmental degradation and damage due to removal of the top soil thereby strict regulations must be enacted to protect flora and fauna. The Talisman make money by entering Iraq by investing 3.5 million dollars in two blocs in Kurdistan, the firm will therefore acquire 40 percent if block k44 operates by Calgarys western gloss Resource ltd (Cooper Vlaskovitz 2011). The Kurdistan region government (KRG) boast of 20 percent Interest.Talisman plans to spend 80 Million cover past lost by committing fully to projects at hand. The initial cost will range from 10-15 million US dollars, this will either prove positive to investors or negative to them. Discussion of Alternatives There was ultimate need to conserve the earth, one of the valuable commodities. Moreover, Talisman has embarked on more resourceful oil mining alternatives to create a strong and sustainable, and reliable energy for the future generation. Apparently, Iran is one of the largest oil reserves in the world and is ranked fourth worldwide after Saudi Arabia and Canada yet the great part of the country is yet to be investigated (Ries 2016). There are various strategies that can be utilized as other alternatives to oil mining maximization, which include the use of wind power, geological formations from which oil can be exploited, use of fossil fuels that is considerably much cheaper to limit the hydrocarbon carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere; thus, the progressive heating of the earths surface culminates to a global warming scenario (Orihuela 2014). Apparently, the industrial affiliation shifted to more renewable sources of energy solar energy such as biomass and tidal energy to suit the T alismans tight financial budget. The energy source adopted will depend on the cost of production and its impact on environmental pollution and wellbeing of humankind. Recommendations Ensuring that the goals set and the objectives made must be thoroughly met through implementation by monitoring and evaluation programs. This helps in adapting progress over time and improves overall effectiveness and flexibility (Cory 2013). Monitoring of the implementation of set goals is important as it assures the effort conform to what is expected in long run signifying that the company is on the right path and measuring if the results achieved are in line with set objectives (The Canadian Press 2012). The company should review the tactics to ensure they remain relevant to help changes in environment, culture and rapid demographic changes. Political goodwill must prevail to help optimization of the company operation, like the tax levied should never be too high and provide essential incentives to attract investors set up their businesses. Apparently, records kept must always be open and very clear to allow retrieval in case there is a need in future. Conclusion Goals are very useful in setting up a company, to propel the organizational zeal and achievements they are yearning for, to act as a pointer of the future to know whether you are making progress or not. There are pictures where top managers visualize where the organization should be in coming years and also a way that they can see off competitors that see to threaten existence of the company. Goal setting should incorporate planning strategy to help the company be on track and help it focus only on activities important to the organizational performance. Talisman emphasizes mainly on three objectives: Developing long term growth opportunity, building high impact exploration paths and continue focusing on current portfolio.Goals bring order, meaning and purpose that will sustain the interest of stakeholders involved and therefore act as a motivation factor to them. By forming goals,an individual sets everything right required of him to succeed to the very top level. Success is therefor e achieved by goals definition, it is 1 percent inspiration and ninety nine percent perspiration. It is not luck. References Day, P. (2014). "Spain's Repsol to buy Talisman Energy for $ 8 billion. Retrieved From https://www.wsj.com/articles/repsol-to-buy-talisman-energy-for-8-3-billion-1418715863 Carlisle, T. (2000) "Calgary Oil Firm Talisman Pays Painful Price for Sudan Investment." The Wall Street Journal Cory, R. (2013). Brainstorming: Techniques for New Ideas. New York: iUniverse Cooper, B., Vlaskovits, P. (2011). The Entrepreneur's Guide to Customer Development: A "cheat Sheet" to the Four Steps to the Epiphany. Cooper-Vlaskovits, 1(2), 23-43 Franklin, M. (2012). Performance Gap Analysis: Tips, Tools, and Intelligence for Trainers. American Society for Training and Development, 2(3), 34- 45 Lussier, R. N., Corman, J., Kimball, D. (2014). Entrepreneurial New Venture Skills. New York: Routledge Orihuela, R. (2014). Repsol Agrees to Buy Canadas Talisman for $8.3 Billion. Retrieved Fromhttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-12-16/repsol-agrees-to-buy-canada-s-talisman-for-8-3-billion Rodriguez, J Toyer, J. (2014)."Spain's Repsol to buy Talisman Energy for "Talisman oil operations prolong Sudan civil war." Retrieved From https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Talisman%20Energy Ries, E. (2016). The Lean Startup. Bolton: Prentice Hall The Canadian Press. (2012). for sale' sign not up at Talisman following Manzoni's departure, new CEO says. The Wall Street Journal